Key Drug Colors and Usage

• Yellow (Epinephrine): Restores circulation and revives patients.
• White (Metoprolol): Lowers high heart rate (HR).
• Blue (Naloxone): Reverses drug overdoses.
• Red (Morphine): Pain relief (use only on conscious patients).
• Green (Phenylephrine): Increases blood pressure and stimulates cardiac function.
• Ammonium Carbonate (Smelling Salts): Revives unconscious patients.

Step 1: Secure the Area and Assess the Situation

1. Prioritize Your Safety:
   • Ensure the area is secure.
   • Neutralize any immediate threats—you cannot provide care if you are under fire.
2. Triage Casualties:
   • Use the following priority system:
     1. Unconscious patients with critical bleeding.
     2. Conscious but immobile patients with severe injuries.
     3. Ambulatory patients with minor injuries.

Step 2: Stop Bleeding (Hemorrhage Control)

1. Assess Bleeding Severity:
   • Critical Zones First:
     • Check and treat in this order: Head, Neck, Chest, Abdomen.
   • Then address limbs if there’s arterial bleeding.
2. Apply Tourniquets (Limbs Only):
   • Use tourniquets immediately on limbs with heavy bleeding.
   • Leave them in place until the critical zones are stabilized.
   • Remove the tourniquet and bandage after stabilizing other injuries.
3. Bandage All Bleeding Wounds:
   • Move systematically across the body.
   • Ensure all bleeding is stopped before proceeding.

Step 3: Restore Circulation

1. Administer Saline:
   • After stopping all bleeding, give saline to restore blood volume.
2. Check Pulse:
   • If Pulse is Present:
     • Administer Yellow (Epinephrine) to restore proper circulation.
     • Use Ammonium Carbonate (Smelling Salts) to revive unconscious patients.
   • If Pulse is Absent:
     • Proceed to Step 4: Cardiac Arrest Protocol.

Step 4: Cardiac Arrest Protocol

1. Administer Green (Phenylephrine):
   • Inject Green to stimulate cardiac function if the patient is in cardiac arrest (Pulse = 0).
2. Perform CPR:
   • 30 compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute.
   • Check the pulse after every compression cycle (30 seconds).
3. Repeat Cycles:
   • Alternate between CPR and checking vitals.
   • Administer additional Green (Phenylephrine) as needed (allow 30 seconds for drug effects before repeating).

Step 5: Stabilize Vital Signs

1. Monitor Heart Rate (HR) and Blood Pressure (BP):
   • Use ACE Medical equipment to measure the patient’s vitals.
   • Compare them to the following baselines:
     • Resting HR: 40–100 BPM
     • Stable BP: 120/80
2. Administer White (Metoprolol) or Green (Phenylephrine) as Needed:
   • If HR is too high (tachycardia): Administer White (Metoprolol) to lower HR.
   • If BP is too low (hypotension): Administer Green (Phenylephrine) to stabilize BP.
3. Check Every 30 Seconds:
   • Reassess vital signs and administer additional medications if needed.

Step 6: Address Drug Overdose

1. Identify Signs of Overdose:
   • Symptoms may include:
     • Respiratory depression.
     • Loss of consciousness.
     • HR = 0 or abnormal vital signs.
2. Administer Blue (Naloxone):
   • Use Blue to counteract overdose symptoms (e.g., from excessive Morphine or other drugs).
3. Reassess After 30 Seconds:
   • Observe the patient for signs of recovery or return to normal function.

Step 7: Pain Management

1. Use Red (Morphine):
   • Only administer Red to conscious patients experiencing pain.
   • Morphine lowers HR, so do not use on unconscious patients.
2. Monitor for Side Effects:
   • Watch for respiratory depression or significant drops in HR/BP.
   • Be prepared to use Blue (Naloxone) in the event of an overdose.